OER

A systematic review of the content of critical appraisal tools

A systematic review was undertaken of 121 published critical appraisal tools sourcedfrom 108 papers located on electronic databases and the Internet. The tools were classifiedaccording to the study design for which they were intended. Click here to consult the resource Resource quality according to evaluation

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The P Value and Statistical Significance: Misunderstandings, Explanations, Challenges, and Alternatives

This article considers why 5% may be set as a reasonable cut-off for statistical significance, explains the correct interpretation of P < 0.05 and other values of P, examines arguments for and against the concept of statistical significance, and suggests other and better ways for

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Null hypothesis significance testing: a short tutorial

In this short tutorial, I first summarize the concepts behind the method, distinguishing test of significance (Fisher) and test of acceptance (Newman-Pearson) and point to common interpretation errors regarding the p-value. I then present the related concepts of confidence intervals and again point to common

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